中国宏观经济研究院综合形势研究室主任、研究员郭丽岩接受中新社国是直通车专访强调,中国有底气、有能力保持物价总水平基本稳定。
CPI上涨2%意味着什么?
郭丽岩指出,在欧美等经济体通胀“高烧不退”背景下,中国持续稳定物价运行的努力与成效令全球瞩目。
2022年全年,中国CPI同比上涨2%,持续运行在合理区间,剔除食品和能源的核心CPI则一直在1%左右的相对低位。
郭丽岩指出,中国能够维持住相对较低的物价水平,在当前是十分难得的宏观经济治理绩效,与陷入高通胀甚至是恶性通胀的其他经济体形成鲜明对比。
2022年以来,欧美等经济体CPI连创40年来的历史新高,虽然近期有所回落,但2022年12月份欧元区CPI同比上涨9.2%,美国CPI同比上升6.5%,仍处于高位运行。此外,土耳其、阿根廷等新兴市场经济体更是出现了持续的恶性通胀。
保供稳价中国如何出招?
在郭丽岩看来,中国保持物价基本稳定的主要原因和经验,就是坚持以人民为中心的发展思想,强化粮食、能源产供储销体系建设,加大保供稳价工作力度,切实兜住兜牢民生底线。
首先是重要民生商品的保供稳价,不断完善价格调控机制。压实“菜篮子”市长负责制。在提升本地自主保障能力的同时,促进产销衔接,强化主产区和主销区之跨区合作,共担保供稳价责任。产地采购、道路运输、终端配送各环节保通保畅。健全成品粮油、猪肉、北方城市冬春耐储蔬菜等储备并充实在库,增强储备调节能力。
其次是基础能源的保供稳价,立足国情,以煤炭为“锚”,构建保供稳价体系,有序释放煤炭优质产能,健全煤炭产供储销体系,完善煤电价格形成机制,压实保供稳价责任,有力维护了能源领域产业链供应链稳定运行。
此外,2022年阶段性调整价格补贴联动机制,降低启动条件,扩大保障范围,全年各地累计发放价格临时补贴数十亿元。
2023年物价能否稳住?
进入2023年,国际大宗商品价格可能高位波动,输入性通胀压力仍然存在,中国如何进一步稳住物价?
郭丽岩表示,当前稳定物价总水平的基础坚实,2022年已经实现了3%左右的年度物价调控目标,展望今年,中国稳物价的底气和能力进一步增强。
一方面,中国经济长期向好的基本面没有变,预计2023年经济整体回升;产业体系韧性足,市场潜力空间大,内需对经济增长的支撑动能将进一步增强,能够有力对冲和化解不利冲击。
另一方面,中国坚决不搞“大水漫灌”强刺激,稳健的货币政策精准有力,能够为实体经济提供更有力和更高质量的支撑,同时也为稳定物价提供良好的宏观环境。特别是粮油肉蛋奶蔬果等重要民生商品保供稳价调控机制不断完善,调控能力不断提升。
“总体而言,我们有底气、有能力保持物价总水平基本稳定。”郭丽岩说。
中新网评:美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾****** 中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后,美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕,众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录,将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。 资料图:美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄 由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素,众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中,美国民主党议员继续抱团,多轮投票中,一票不投麦卡锡,共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。 麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折,除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外,与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。 一方面,共和党党内反对者认为,麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱,无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府,另一方面,因为共和党的多数优势微弱,党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大,有利于他们巩固自己的选票。 此外,党内反对者也认为,自己的选票没有换取更多利益,希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步,比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。 作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物,众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任,选举几乎没有悬念。然而,麦卡锡此次为当选,不得不做出多个关键让步,其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制,使得众议长的权力被削弱,难以掌控众议院。 美国有线电视新闻网CNN称,麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步,这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。 这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下,党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上,美国两党相互拆台,陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内,也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系,相互对抗,选票变成了谋利益的工具。 从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举,“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈,长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力,其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。 两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病,美国所谓的“民主”形象,让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举,变成了政客们利益置换的游戏,进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能,不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。 House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy (ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy". The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader. Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party. On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration. On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses. Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees. As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives. But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker. CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful. This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally. Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits. From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public. Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world. The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle. (文图:赵筱尘 巫邓炎) [责编:天天中] 阅读剩余全文() |